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<text id=91TT0275>
<title>
Feb. 11, 1991: Murder And Mayhem
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1991
Feb. 11, 1991 Saddam's Weird War
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
WORLD, Page 59
SOVIET UNION
Murder and Mayhem
</hdr><body>
<p> The grisly scene broadcast on Soviet TV was filmed in a
cramped Moscow apartment. A police detective ticked off the
details: a man from out of town had called on some
acquaintances; the visitor pulled a knife, stabbed the young
woman and cracked her husband's skull with a blunt instrument.
The woman lay dead on the floor, covered in her own blood.
Medics tried to save her husband, but their faces showed little
hope.
</p>
<p> Such gruesome crimes were once relatively rare in the Soviet
Union, whose cities were among the safest in the world. When
murders and other violent crimes did occur, the public rarely
found out, since official ideology maintained that they were
the scourge of capitalism alone.
</p>
<p> All that has changed. Crimes nationwide rose 32% in 1989 and
an additional 13% last year; the sharpest jump was in grave
crimes like murder, aggravated assault and rape, which
increased 44% in January. Freed by glasnost to report such
unpleasant facts, Soviet television and newspapers have turned
graphic tales of violence into standard fare. The result has
been to fuel public fears that chaos is impending. "Before,
people didn't know how much crime we had in this country," says
Lieut. General Anatoly Alekseyev, head of the Interior
Ministry's police college in Moscow. "The revelation that we
have crime, and that it is rising, is a shock to the social
psyche."
</p>
<p> As shocking as it is to the average Soviet, the crime rate
still falls well below levels in Western Europe and the U.S.
But Gorbachev, prodded by his right-wing critics, has decided
to crack down to satisfy demands for stability. Order in the
Soviet Union used to be guaranteed by the security apparatus;
fear prevented the majority from stepping out of line. Now,
says Interior Ministry Colonel Alexander Gurov, "respect for
law has not replaced fear, so we have a vacuum of legitimate
authority."
</p>
<p> The President is supported by ordinary Soviets obsessed with
the disintegration of law and order. They blame much of the
crime on "the mafia," an undefined evil that includes every
criminal group from corrupt bureaucrats to clans that deal in
prostitution and narcotics. Says Igor Karpetz, former chief of
the national criminal police: "Not every band of apartment
thieves constitutes a mafia."
</p>
<p> Still, organized criminals are emerging as a public menace.
They occasionally settle disputes Chicago-style. Last October
masked gunmen opened fire in a Moscow cooperative restaurant,
then attacked diners with clubs and knives, leaving two people
dead. Police claim that cooperatives, the semiprivate
businesses that are among Gorbachev's few tangible economic
successes, have become havens for criminal gangs, who exchange
protection and access to the black market for a share in
profits.
</p>
<p> Far more prevalent are small-time holdups and burglaries.
Muggers are not as pervasive as they are in, say, New York
City, but they have become dangerous enough. Citizens are
arming themselves in self-defense. Though Soviet law strictly
controls private gun ownership, an illegal-weapons trade is
growing. A popular alternative is the "gas gun," a pocket-size
German-made pistol that fires tear gas and costs as little as
$25 on the black market.
</p>
<p> Right-wing critics blame Gorbachev for the breakdown in
authority and insist that the government restore order. But in
a society ruled by totalitarian dictate for centuries,
instilling respect for law and faith in the government's fair
enforcement of it will take time. Gorbachev has spent five
years promoting his vision of a Soviet Union governed by law.
Using the army and KGB to crack down on crime may solve the
immediate problem, but it will not bring the future he promises
any closer.
</p>
<p>By James Carney/Moscow.
</p>
</body></article>
</text>